Monday, August 24, 2020
Business Research Methods On Communicationâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com
Question: Examine About The Business Research Methods On Telecommunication? Answer: Introducation The article composed by Nardotto et al., (2015), has been directed in the media transmission showcase in UK to see the inclusion of the market that the business appreciates. As needs be, a subjective and quantitative examination has been led to comprehend the degree of the business in the UK showcase. The article created by Jurisic Azevedo (2011), shows that the media transmission area in UK in 2000 has experienced a unique change with the appearance of the versatile innovation as the portable communication has encountered gigantic development. As of now, media transmission endeavors to be the most significant area in administration advertising Financialwith an infiltration pace of over 100%. The examination done by Caporale Spagnolo (2011), has run over the serious systems that the media transmission division in UK has taken up which is being featured by Porters Five Forces. The article composed by Al-Debei Avison (2011), centers around UK media transmission viewpoint has additionally demonstrated the entrance of web in the conventional UK family units. The part of versatile web has gotten very significant, and the appearance of cell phones has given the wonder a lift. The media transmission advertise has been overwhelmed with administrations like a landline, cell phones, the web, portable web, information administrations and others. Conversation of regular subjects: Both the subjective and quantitative investigation of the media transmission advertise in UK has indicated the entrance of the client fragment that the business appreciates. The quantitative examination done by Caporale Spagnolo (2011), has demonstrated the wide system inclusion, administration accessibility and serious costs that the business offer to its clients. In a similar way, the subjective investigation composed by Al-Debei Avison (2011), has demonstrated the more prominent dealing power that the clients appreciate in the market. The subjective investigation has demonstrated that the UK showcase stands to be the biggest per capita internet business showcase and the second biggest web based publicizing market on a worldwide scale. Again the quantitative investigation done by Jurisic Azevedo (2011), has demonstrated that web entrance among the UK populace is considered among the most noteworthy all around. 80% of the populace is found to have web get to, and the quantity of web clients on a day by day pattern has been on the ascent. Again the examination led by Nardotto et al., (2015), has been extremely big-hearted of the way that web use is very best in class in the UK economy. Versatile web has discovered an expansive possibility in the UK situation which is being maintained by both the subjective and quantitative investigation of the administration. Conversation of various topics: Other than specific likenesses, there have been determined contrasts between the aftereffects of the subjective and quantitative examinations that have been led on the UK media transmission industry. The subjective part of Al-Debei Avison (2011), has been unmistakable about the job of the telecom working associations like Vodafone, O2, Orange, and T-Mobile though the quantitative investigation was finished by Caporale Spagnolo (2011), has been with respect to the general part of the media transmission industry like market infiltration, web utilization and others. The subjective examination has devoted a smoothed out investigation on the serious part of the division alongside the pertinence of the various players in the business which has been disregarded by the quantitative examination. The quantitative investigation of Nardotto et al., (2015), has been quite certain about the developing pattern and the extent of development that the business experienced. Fundamentally, the quantitative examination has stepped up to the plate and show the great accomplishment that the UK media transmission industry. Conflictingly, the subjective investigation by Jurisic Azevedo (2011), has concentrated on the situation of the clients in the market and the fortress they had been in the market for some time inferable from the coming of versatile communication. So both the subjective and quantitative investigation while concentrating on the media transmission industry has gone towards the distinctive course to give a healthy picture. Conversation of study impediments: The investigation directed fairly is by all accounts tight as it has intentionally focussed on the parts of media transmission as it were. The examination by Al-Debei Avison (2011), would have been progressively significant in the event that it has been directed with regards to the administration part. The examination by Caporale Spagnolo (2011), has been basic for the perspectives on creators and in specific situations outperformed the genuine components to hang on his observation. In spite of the fact that the examination has been led on the scene of UK, it has not determined the ramifications of the media transmission division in its different domains. The example size considered for the examination has not been sufficient as the quantity of tests is very littler than the prerequisite of the investigation. The examination by Jurisic Azevedo (2011), would have been satisfied with the incorporation of all the more such important examples which would give significant understanding to the investigation of media transmission industry in UK. Again the examination by Nardotto et al., (2015), has given more significance to the subjective part of the media transmission industry leaving aside the quantitative components of the investigation which would have given a healthy way to deal with the investigation. Conversation on further research bearings: The investigation by Al-Debei Avison (2011), has unquestionably left degree for additional introspect that could give another measurement to the media transmission industry winning in UK. Again the examination done by Caporale Spagnolo (2011), has been directed under a predetermined condition wherein the splendid part of the business has been appeared. The investigation would have been progressively ingenious if the equivalent had been done in a recessionary period. The examination will have been additionally fascinating if assorted situations have been thought of. The investigation by Jurisic Azevedo (2011), directed show various components of the examination coming about out of the subjective and quantitative perspectives. The assorted components appeared in this investigation places the issue into a questionable situation. The consequences of the examination by Nardotto et al., (2015), are not in legitimate spot however the aftereffects of the subjective and quantitative investigation appear towards a similar course. The examination, for this situation, would have been progressively reduced if a speculations testing could have been done to demonstrate the validness of the exploration. References Al-Debei, M. Avison, D., 2011. Plan of action necessities and difficulties in the portable media transmission part. Diary of Organizational Transformation Social Change, 8(2), pp. 215-235. Barnaghi, P., Wang, W., Henson, C. Taylor, K., 2012. Semantics for the Internet of Things: early advancement and back to what's to come. Universal Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 8(21), pp. 1-21. Battistella, C., 2014. The association of Corporate Foresight: A numerous contextual investigation in the media transmission industry. Mechanical Forecasting and Social Change, 87(2), pp. 60-79. Caporale, G. Spagnolo, N., 2011. Securities exchange incorporation between three CEECs, Russia, and the UK. Survey of International Economics, 19(1), pp. 158-169. Crawford, S., 2013. Enraptured crowd: The telecom business and restraining infrastructure power in the new plated age. New York: Yale University Press. Jurisic, B. Azevedo, A., 2011. Building customerbrand connections in the versatile correspondences advertise: The job of brand tribalism and brand notoriety. Diary of Brand Management, 18(4-5), pp. 349-366. Nardotto, M., Valletti, T. Verboven, F., 2015. Unbundling the occupant: Evidence from UK broadband. Diary of the European Economic Association, 13(2), pp. 330-362. Whalley, J. Curwen, P., 2012. Third time fortunate? An investigation of Hutchison Whampoa's association in the versatile broadcast communications industry. data, 14(2), pp. 17-41.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
CONDOM USE IN KENYA Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
CONDOM USE IN KENYA - Assignment Example The appropriation of the visual guides in the handouts will include the utilization of well known Kenyan Musicians. Music has been utilized to make mindfulness on condom use in grown-ups. The utilization of celebrated performers will draw in the consideration of a few grown-ups along these lines prompting expanded condom use attention to a few inhabitants of Kisumu. The mindfulness raising will be done through street shows and vernacular radio syndicated programs. Vernacular Radio television shows will be successful in arriving at grown-ups in the remote country zones who can't be gotten to through street transport. Critically, nearby and acclaimed artists who comprehend the local language will be proper in conveying the message to the grown-ups who will most likely be unable to peruse and get English and Kiswahili (national dialects). The visual guides ought to have the data concerning right and steady utilization of condoms, outcomes of not utilizing condoms, and the apparent boundaries. Individuals from the open must lean how to utilize condoms effectively. Most grown-ups ordinarily use condoms in the primary sex experience yet later overlook the utilization. Furthermore, ladies should likewise be made mindful of their job in settling on choices concerning condom use. Ladies must guarantee that men use condoms at whatever point they participate in sex. The Health Belief Model recommends that basic information and mindfulness about HIV won't really decrease dangerous conduct that lead to high commonness of HIV/AIDS. Each individual must realize that the individual is helpless to the infection. What's more, people must realized HIV disease is a genuine wellbeing risk, and become familiar with the advantages of taking preventive activities. Thusly, people must discover that potential hindrances to making preventive move are exceeded by potential advantages (Volk and Koopman, np). The utilization of nearby and popular artists in conveying the message guarantees that neighborhood observations are clarified. These artists are increasingly acquainted with the way of life of Kisumu individuals; correspondence of culture inclination
Saturday, July 25, 2020
UROP 101 The Intro Entry
UROP 101 The Intro Entry MIT is serious about research. The Institute is the birth place to the hologram, artificial intelligence, pharmacy on a chip, stop-time photography, and holds the distinction as one of the greatest think tanks in the world. You would think that access to millions of dollars of lab space and equipment would be limited to extremely experienced graduate students and upperclassmen. But fortunately, every MIT student has the opportunity to conduct hands-on research if one has the motivation and dedication. This privilege is mostly a result of the Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program, commonly referred to as UROP, which gives me and my fellow classmates a unique chance to gain valuable research experience and insight into a field of our choice. Each week, I will explore one MIT students unique research project and the insight that he or she has gained from the UROP experience. I hope to highlight the diverse student body and availability of projects around campus while giving a glimpse into the labs of MIT. I arrived at MIT bushy tailed and bright eyed at the prospect of slipping into a lab coat. In high school I was fortunate enough to spend two summers working in the labs of Massachusetts General Hospitals microfabrication facility and I was eager to jump back into the exciting world of discovery. I spent my first few months on campus checking the UROP website and contacting professors who had research projects that I was interested in. After a few interviews and lab tours, I was offered a position in the Chen Lab at MITs Center for Cancer Research studying the delivery of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) in mice. It may seem odd for a student like me, who plans on studying mechanical engineering and brain and cognitive sciences, to join a biology lab. Luckily, this is what the UROP program is all about, exploring new areas and finding your niche. I figured that this would be as good an opportunity as any to figure out if biology is my thing and whether I want to commit the next few years of my life to becoming a scientist. So, why does studying the delivery of siRNA even matter? About ten years ago, researchers noticed that pieces of RNA could be used to degrade messenger RNA in animal and plant cells with the result that scientists could create double stranded RNA to silence genes. Recently, researchers at MIT found siRNAs that inhibited influenza virus production in cultured cells and embryonated chickens. My research is part of a project to use these siRNAs to prevent and treat influenza virus infection in mice. If all goes well, this mouse model can be used to create a therapy for influenza virus infection in humans. An siRNA therapy would be an improvement on existing vaccines since these vaccines are relatively ineffective in children and the elderly and only protect against a limited number of influenza strains. My role in the project is to figure out how to deliver these siRNAs into cells that are infected with the influenza virus by injecting mice using various compounds and injection techniques. I have only been working in the lab for a month, but I have already learned an immense amount about drug delivery, animal surgery, and medicine. I have had to perform many mouse injections and dissections to determine the best way to deliver siRNAs, but I have recognized a love for surgery that I didnt even know existed before my UROP experience. If you choose to come to MIT, I would encourage all of you to have at least one UROP over the course of your four years. There are thousands of areas of research and even more research opportunities; one of them is bound to be right for you. Hopefully, this series will help introduce you to the various research opportunities found around MIT so you will know what to look for come fall.
Friday, May 22, 2020
Challenges and Advantages of Doing Business in China...
Challenges and Advantages of Doing Business in China With China emerging as a global power in business within the last decade, knowing about doing business in China has become more important than ever. There are both many advantanges and challenges with doing business in China in this modern era, and understanding both sides of this coin is the key to being successful in China. Some aspects to keep in mind include the cultural barrier, the price of the work force in China compared to the United States, and have the â€Å"made in China†brand be accepted back in the United States. The main advantage of doing business in China is the fact that China has emerged as one of the world’s strongest economic forces, driven by the shear number of†¦show more content†¦This is probably the reason that doing business in China is currently so challenging. In addition, there is always the language barrier to overcome as well. Despite the fact that most Chinese are learning English as their second language, there is no doubt that being able to speak Chinese as an American coming to China for business has a huge advantage over the rest of the competition. Another challenge is that despite the ability to manufacture products cheaper in China, there is a flip side to this situation and that is that sometimes, that â€Å"made in America†sign on the back of a product could mean more than the few dollars more it costs to buy that product. Some Americans, in their spirit of patriotism, care more about supporting the American economy than saving a little bit here and there buying products that were manufactured outside of the United States. Balancing the stigma sometimes associated with making a product in a foreign country with the lower costs that usually comes along with that is important in doing business in China as well. As one can see, there is ample opportunity for business in China. China’s economy is expanding very quickly. In order to be successful overseas however, there are many important points to keep in mind. In learning these obstacles and figuring out how to overcome them will define success inShow MoreR elatedBus 421 Final Essays1220 Words  | 5 PagesSummary Case Scenario # 1 Given the increasing regulations of the Internet and email by the Government of China, recommend to the CEO of Google whether the company should continue to operate in China, the world’s fastest and among the largest growth markets. Google should definitely continue operations in China, even if it means limiting the amount of information that is disseminated to Google China. While filtering information is the opposite of everything Google stands for, Google can still disseminateRead MoreEntrepreneurship Case.. the Foreign Proposal1620 Words  | 7 PagesBALLARAT FACULTY OF BUSINESS, ENVIRONMENT amp; SOCIETY    MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINSTRATION    ENTREPRENEURSHIP CASE 14.3 – EDGAR’S BUSINESS SUBMITTED BY                          :           SODHI PRABJOT STUDENT ID NUMBER             :           30106256 LECTURER                               :            DR. WONG WAI NAM EDGAR’S BUSINESS What type of arrangement is Edgar using in his business dealings with the firmsRead MoreEntrepreneurship Case.. the Foreign Proposal1605 Words  | 7 PagesUNIVERSITY OF BALLARAT FACULTY OF BUSINESS, ENVIRONMENT amp; SOCIETY    MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINSTRATION    ENTREPRENEURSHIP CASE 14.3 – EDGAR’S BUSINESS SUBMITTED BY                          :           SODHI PRABJOT STUDENT ID NUMBER             :           30106256 LECTURER                               :            DR. 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As a multinational company, it operates retail stores domestically and overseas and all of the products it sells are manufacturedRead MoreQuestions On Human Resource Management1730 Words  | 7 Pages Content Contents Introduction 2 HRM in China 2 The Labour Market 2 State-owned enterprises (SOEs) 2 HR Challenges for foreign enterprises 2 1.3.1 Recruitment and selection 2 1.3.2 Training and Development 3 HRM in Japan 3 Lifelong Employment 3 A Seniority-based wage system 4 Enterprise Unions 4 Japan’s future 5 Comparing China and Japan 5 Business Etiquettes in China 5 Business Etiquette in Japan 6 Conclusion 7 Introduction Human Resource Management is one of the most important functionsRead MoreThe Challenges Of Entering The Chinese Market1620 Words  | 7 PagesThe challenges of entering the Chinese market are increasingly important, complex and organically different than expanding in other locations. A typical market development strategy comprises of opening a sales office potentially leading into building a production facility. However, such a strategy is a rough ride accompanied with unique challenges and risks. Strategic supply chain is at the core of such strategy and will hugely impact the overall market entry strategy. Below, we explore the potentialRead MoreOnline Shopping Will Dominant The Way Of Doing Business1073 Words  | 5 Pages Online Shopping Will Dominant the Way of Doing Business Vincent Jiang English 108 April 2, 2012 With the development of the Internet and technology, people can accomplish more without stepping out of their houses. The Internet provides us with its great convenience. Also, many payments can be completed on the Internet. For example, we can pay for our tuition just by clicking the button on the webpage; international students can purchase the cheapest air ticket after comparingRead Morebusn 412 week 6 assignment1433 Words  | 6 Pagesï » ¿ Case Study Report: Green Mountain Coffee Roasters and Keurig Coffee Course – Business Policy (BUSN 412) Student Name – Inderjeet Singh Subject – Assignment week 6 University – DeVry University Date – 06/14/2014 Case Study Report: Fresh Direct Company Information Company Name – Green Mountain Coffee Roasters and Keurig Coffee Website – http://www.greenmountaincoffee.com Founded in- 1981 Background/History/Company Timeline 1981- Green MountainRead MoreBusiness in China1188 Words  | 5 PagesBusiness in China 1. What challenges do foreign firms face when they seek to transfer their home management style to China? 2. Discuss the reform of Chinese state-owned enterprises and related government policy changes. Evaluate the impact within the state-owned businesses and the chinese society. Chinese management Doing business in China requires a throughout understanding of their management philosophy and practices. Their management style is different in many respects from mainstreamRead More(M2) Compare the Challenges to Selected Business Activities Within a Selected Organisation, in Two Different Economic Environments1255 Words  | 6 Pages(M2) Compare the challenges to selected business activities within a selected organisation, in two different economic environments. It is very common in large businesses to expand abroad but there are a lot of factors to be considered when planning to start operation in a different country as countries differ depending on their background, policies, infrastructure and stability. In this report I will compare the challenges to business activities within Tesco Plc. In two different economic environments:
Friday, May 8, 2020
Informal Reading Inventory, A Valuable Diagnostic Tool
1. Why is an â€Å"Informal Reading Inventory†a valuable diagnostic tool? Informal Reading Inventory (IRI) are diagnostic assessment administered individually to evaluate different aspects of students’ reading. After reading the text, students orally are answering the questions following the text. Teachers take into the consideration additional factors,, such as fluency, students’ prior knowledge, and determine students’ reading levels. This information may to choose appropriate reading material for students, to form reading groups, and to plan future reading instruction taking into the considerations students strengths and needs. According to Chall (1983), the greatest value of IRI is to help educators to diagnose the gaps in the abilities of readers who struggle the most. For teachers, who looking for the better way to address students instructional needs of children, who have reading difficulties, IRI is a very valuable diagnostic tool. 2. What is a â€Å"running record†? How do they assist a teacher? Running Record is used by teachers to assess students’ reading performance as they read from the benchmark books, specially selected books chose for assessment purpose. It is a very valuable tool to identify patterns in students reading behavior that allows to see strategies students used to make meaning of individual words and texts as a whole. The information teachers get while doing a running record helps to identify error, reading accuracy and studentsShow MoreRelatedOperational Management36687 Words  | 147 PagesOperations Strategy in a Global Environment Total Quality Management Forecasting Design of Goods and Services Process Strategy and Capacity Planning Location Strategies Human Resources, Job Design and Organisational Effectiveness Supply Chain Management Inventory Management and JIT Systems Aggregate Scheduling Materials Resources Planning (MRPII) Project Management Bibliography Title of Section Page 3-6 7 - 24 25 - 36 37 - 54 55 - 72 73 - 84 85 - 102 103 - 116 117 - 138 139 - 150 151 - 166 167 - 176 177 -Read MoreItsc 2439 Ch1-12 Study Guides Essay28023 Words  | 113 Pagesstandards reduces the cost to support computer products. ____ 44. The purpose of computer product standards is to make the widest possible array of products available to workers in an organization. ____ 45. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Answers to Questions About Islam Free Essays
ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on Answers to Questions About Islam or any similar topic only for you Order Now Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 1 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik INTRODUCTION Da’wah is a duty Most Muslims know that Islam is a universal religion, meant for all mankind. Allah (swt) is the Lord of the entire Universe, and Muslims have been entrusted with the duty of conveying His message to all mankind. Alas, most Muslims today have become callous towards this duty! While accepting Islam as the best way of life for ourselves, most of us are unwilling to share this knowledge with those to whom the message has not yet been conveyed. The Arabic word Da’wah means a call or an invitation. In Islamic context, it means to strive for the propagation of Islam. The Glorious Qur’an says: â€Å"Ah! Who is more unjust than those who conceal the testimony they have from Allah? But Allah is not unmindful of what ye do! †[Al-Qur’an 2:140] Twenty Most Common Questions In order to convey the message of Islam, dialogue and debate become inevitable. The Glorious Qur’an says: â€Å"Invite (all) to the way of thy Lord, with wisdom and beautiful preaching, and argue with them in ways that are best and most gracious! †[Al-Qur’an 16:125] In conveying the message of Islam to a non-Muslim, it is usually not sufficient to highlight only the positive nature of Islam. Most non-Muslims are not convinced about the truth of Islam because there are a few questions about Islam at the back of their minds that remain unanswered. They may agree with your contentions about the positive nature of Islam. But, in the same breath, they will say – â€Å"Ah! But you are the same Muslims who marry more than one woman. You are the same people who subjugate women by keeping them behind the veil. You are fundamentalists, etc. †I personally prefer asking the non-Muslims upfront, with their limited knowledge, whether right or wrong, from whichever source it may be, what they feel is wrong in Islam. I encourage them to be very frank and open and convince them that I can take criticism about Islam. In the past few years of my Da’wah experience, I have realized that there are barely twenty most common questions that a common non-Muslim has regarding Islam. Whenever you ask a non-Muslim, â€Å"what do you feel is wrong in Islam? , he poses five or six questions, and these questions invariably fall among the twenty most common questions. Logical replies can convince the majority The twenty most common questions about Islam can be answered with reason and logic. A majority of non-Muslims can be convinced with these answers. If a Muslim memorizes or simply remembers these answers, Inshallah he will be successful, if not in convincing non-Muslims about the complete truth of Islam, 2 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik then at least in removing misconceptions about Islam and neutralizing the negative thinking about Islam and Muslims that the non-Muslims have. A very few non-Muslims may have counter arguments to these replies, for which further information may be required. Misconceptions due to media The common misconceptions about Islam arise in the minds of a majority of non-Muslims, because they are constantly being bombarded with misinformation about Islam. International media is mainly controlled by the western world, whether it is international satellite channels, radio stations, news papers, magazines or books. Recently the Internet has become a powerful medium of information. Though it is not controlled by anybody, one finds a large amount of virulent propaganda about Islam on the Internet. Of course, Muslims too are utilizing this tool to portray the right image of Islam and Muslims, but they are far behind as compared to the propaganda against Islam. I hope the efforts by the Muslims will increase and continue to be pursued. Misconceptions change with time The most common questions about Islam are different in different periods and eras. This set of twenty most common questions is based on present times. Decades earlier, the set of questions was different and decades later too, the set of questions may change depending upon how Islam is projected by the media. Misconceptions are the same throughout the world I have interacted with people in different parts of the world and have found these twenty most common questions about Islam to be the same everywhere. There may be a couple of additional questions depending upon the locale, the surrounding or culture. For instance in America, the additional common question is – â€Å"Why does Islam prohibit taking and giving of interest? I have included among these twenty most common questions, certain questions more common among the Indian non-Muslims. For instance, â€Å"why do Muslims have non-vegetarian food? †The reason for including such questions is that people of Indian origin are spread throughout the world and constitute about 20% i. e. 1/5th of the world population. Thus, their questions become common questions asked by non-Muslims throughout the world. Misconceptions of non-Muslims who have studied Islam There are many non-Muslims who have studied Islam. Most of them have only read books on Islam written by biased critics of Islam. These non-Muslims have an additional set of twenty common misconceptions about Islam. For instance, they claim to have found contradictions in the Qur’an, they contend that the Qur’an is unscientific, etc. There is another set of additional replies clearing these twenty misconceptions among non-Muslims who have studied Islam from distorted sources. I have also given the replies to twenty additional less common questions among the non-Muslims in my public talks and book on â€Å"Answers to Common Questions about Islam by Non-Muslims who have some knowledge about Islam†. * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 1. POLYGAMY Question: Why is a man allowed to have more than one wife in Islam? i. e. why is polygamy allowed in Islam? Answer: 1. Definition of Polygamy Polygamy means a system of marriage w hereby one person has more than one spouse. Polygamy can be of two types. One is polygyny where a man marries more than one woman, and the other is polyandry, where a woman marries more than one man. In Islam, limited polygyny is permitted; whereas polyandry is completely prohibited. Now coming to the original question, why is a man allowed to have more than one wife? 2. The Qur’an is the only religious scripture in the world that says, â€Å"marry only one†. The Qur’an is the only religious book, on the face of this earth, that contains the phrase ‘marry only one’. There is no other religious book that instructs men to have only one wife. In none of the other religious scriptures, whether it be the Vedas, the Ramayan, the Mahabharat, the Geeta, the Talmud or the Bible does one find a restriction on the number of wives. According to these scriptures one can marry as many as one wishes. It was only later, that the Hindu priests and the Christian Church restricted the number of wives to one. Many Hindu religious personalities, according to their scriptures, had multiple wives. King Dashrat, the father of Rama, had more than one wife. Krishna had several wives. In earlier times, Christian men were permitted as many wives as they wished, since the Bible puts no restriction on the number of wives. It was only a few centuries ago that the Church restricted the number of wives to one. Polygyny is permitted in Judaism. According to Talmudic law, Abraham had three wives, and Solomon had hundreds of wives. The practice of polygyny continued till Rabbi Gershom ben Yehudah (960 C. E to 1030 C. E) issued an edict against it. The Jewish Sephardic communities living in Muslim countries continued the practice till as late as 1950, until an Act of the Chief Rabbinate of Israel extended the ban on marrying more than one wife. (*Interesting Note:- As per the 1975 census of India Hindus are more polygynous than Muslims. The report of the ‘Committee of The Status of Woman in Islam’, published in 1975 mentions on page numbers 66 and 67 that the percentage of polygamous marriages between the years 1951 and 1961 4 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik was 5. 06% among the Hindus and only 4. 31% among the Muslims. According to Indian law only Muslim men are permitted to have more than one wife. It is illegal for any non-Muslim in India to have more than one wife. Despite it eing illegal, Hindus have more multiple wives as compared to Muslims. Earlier, there was no restriction even on Hindu men with respect to the number of wives allowed. It was only in 1954, when the Hindu Marriage Act was passed that it became illegal for a Hindu to have more than one wife. At present it is the Indian Law that restricts a Hindu man from h aving more than one wife and not the Hindu scriptures. ) Let us now analyse why Islam allows a man to have more than one wife. 3. Qur’an permits limited polygyny As I mentioned earlier, Qur’an is the only religious book on the face of the earth that says ‘marry only one’. The context of this phrase is the following verse from Surah Nisa of the Glorious Qur’an: â€Å"Marry women of your choice, two, or three, or four; but if ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one. †[Al-Qur’an 4:3] Before the Qur’an was revealed, there was no upper limit for polygyny and many men had scores of wives, some even hundreds. Islam put an upper limit of four wives. Islam gives a man permission to marry two, three or four women, only on the condition that he deals justly with them. In the same chapter i. e. Surah Nisa verse 129 says: â€Å"Ye are never able to be fair and just as between women†¦. †[Al-Qur’an 4:129] Therefore polygyny is not a rule but an exception. Many people are under the misconception that it is compulsory for a Muslim man to have more than one wife. Broadly, Islam has five categories of Do’s and Don’ts: (i) ‘Fard’ i. e. compulsory or obligatory (ii) ‘Mustahab’ i. e. recommended or encouraged (iii) ‘Mubah’ i. e. permissible or allowed (iv) ‘Makruh’ i. e. not recommended or discouraged (v) ‘Haraam’ i. e. prohibited or forbidden Polygyny falls in the middle category of things that are permissible. It cannot be said that a Muslim who has two, three or four wives is a better Muslim as compared to a Muslim who has only one wife. 5 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 4. Average life span of females is more than that of males By nature males and females are born in approximately the same ratio. A female child has more immunity than a male child. A female child can fight the germs and diseases better than the male child. For this reason, during the pediatric age itself there are more deaths among males as compared to the females. During wars, there are more men killed as compared to women. More men die due to accidents and diseases than women. The average life span of females is more than that of males, and at any given time one finds more widows in the world than widowers. 5. India has more male population than female due to female foeticide and infanticide India is one of the few countries, along with the other neighbouring countries, in which the female population is less than the male population. The reason lies in the high rate of female infanticide in India, and the fact that more than one million female foetuses are aborted every year in this country, after they are identified as females. If this evil practice is stopped, then India too will have more females as compared to males. 6. World female population is more than male population In the USA, women outnumber men by 7. 8 million. New York alone has one million more females as compared to the number of males, and of the male population of New York one-third are gays i. e sodomites. The U. S. A as a whole has more than twenty-five million gays. This means that these people do not wish to marry women. Great Britain has four million more females as compared to males. Germany has five million more females as compared to males. Russia has nine million more females than males. God alone knows how many million more females there are in the whole world as compared to males. 7. Restricting each and every man to have only one wife is not practical Even if every man got married to one woman, there would still be more than thirty million females in U. S. A who would not be able to get husbands (considering that America has twenty five million gays). There would be more than four million females in Great Britain, 5 million females in Germany and nine million females in Russia alone who would not be able to find a husband. Suppose my sister happens to be one of the unmarried women living in USA, or suppose your sister happens to be one of the unmarried women in USA. The only two options remaining for her are that she either marries a man who already has a wife or becomes ‘public property’. There is no other option. All those who are modest will opt for the first. 6 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. rf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik Most women would nto like to share their husband with other women. But in Islam when the situation deems it really neccessary Muslim women in due faith could bear a small personal loss to prevent a greater loss of letting other Muslim sisters becoming ‘public properties’. 8. Marring a married man preferable to becoming ‘public property’ In Western society, it is common for a man to have mistresses and/or multiple extra-marital affairs, in which case, the woman leads a disgraceful, unprotected life. The same society, however, cannot accept a man having more than one wife, in which women retain their honourable, dignified position in society and lead a protected life. Thus the only two options before a woman who cannot find a husband is to marry a married man or to become ‘public property’. Islam prefers giving women the honourable position by permitting the first option and disallowing the second. There are several other reasons, why Islam has permitted limited polygyny, but it is mainly to protect the modesty of women. 2. POLYANDRY Question: If a man is allowed to have more than one wife, then why does Islam prohibit a woman from having more than one husband? Answer: A lot of people, including some Muslims, question the logic of allowing Muslim men to have more than one spouse while denying the same ‘right’ to women. Let me first state emphatically, that the foundation of an Islamic society is justice and equity. Allah has created men and women as equal, but with different capabilities and different responsibilities. Men and women are different, physiologically and psychologically. Their roles and responsibilities are different. Men and women are equal in Islam, but not identical. Surah Nisa’ Chapter 4 verses 22 to 24 gives the list of women with whom Muslim men can not marry. It is further mentioned in Surah Nisa’ Chapter 4 verse 24 â€Å"Also (prohibited are) women already married†7 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik The following points enumerate the reasons why polyandry is prohibited in Islam: 1. If a man has more than one wife, the parents of the children born of such marriages can easily be identified. The father as well as the mother can easily be identified. In case of a woman marrying more than one husband, only the mother of the children born of such marriages will be identified and not the father. Islam gives tremendous importance to the identification of both parents, mother and father. Psychologists tell us that children who do not know their parents, especially their father undergo severe mental trauma and disturbances. Often they have an unhappy childhood. It is for this reason that the children of prostitutes do not have a healthy childhood. If a child born of such wedlock is admitted in school, and when the mother is asked the name of the father, she would have to give two or more names! I am aware that recent advances in science have made it possible for both the mother and father to be identified with the help of genetic testing. Thus this point which was applicable for the past may not be applicable for the present. 2. Man is more polygamous by nature as compared to a woman. 3. Biologically, it is easier for a man to perform his duties as a husband despite having several wives. A woman, in a similar position, having several husbands, will not find it possible to perform her duties as a wife. A woman undergoes several psychological and behavioral changes due to different phases of the menstrual cycle. 4. A woman who has more than one husband will have several sexual partners at the same time and has a high chance of acquiring venereal or sexually transmitted diseases which can also be transmitted back to her husband even if all of them have no extra-marital sex. This is not the case in a man having more than one wife, and none of them having extra-marital sex. The above reasons are those that one can easily identify. There are probably many more reasons why Allah, in His Infinite Wisdom, has prohibited polyandry. 8 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 3. HIJAB FOR WOMEN Question: Why does Islam degrade women by keeping them behind the veil? Answer: The status of women in Islam is often the target of attacks in the secular media. The ‘hijab’ or the Islamic dress is cited by many as an example of the ‘subjugation’ of women under Islamic law. Before we analyze the reasoning behind the religiously mandated ‘hijab’, let us first study the status of women in societies before the advent of Islam 1. In the past women were degraded and used as objects of lust The following examples from history amply illustrate the fact that the status of women in earlier civilizations was very low to the extent that they were denied basic human dignity: a. Babylonian Civilization: The women were degraded and were denied all rights under the Babylonian law. If a man murdered a woman, instead of him being punished, his wife was put to death. b. Greek Civilization: Greek Civilization is considered the most glorious of all ancient civilizations. Under this very ‘glorious’ system, women were deprived of all rights and were looked down upon. In Greek mythology, an ‘imaginary woman’ called ‘Pandora’ is the root cause of misfortune of human beings. The Greeks considered women to be subhuman and inferior to men. Though chastity of women was precious, and women were held in high esteem, the Greeks were later overwhelmed by ego and sexual perversions. Prostitution became a regular practice amongst all classes of Greek society. c. Roman Civilization: When Roman Civilization was at the zenith of its ‘glory’, a man even had the right to take the life of his wife. Prostitution and nudity were common amongst the Romans. d. Egyptian Civilization: The Egyptian considered women evil and as a sign of a devil. e. Pre-Islamic Arabia: Before Islam spread in Arabia, the Arabs looked down upon women and very often when a female child was born, she was buried alive. 9 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik . Islam uplifted women and gave them equality and expects them to maintain their status. Islam uplifted the status of women and granted them their just rights 1400 years ago. Islam expects women to maintain their status. Hijab for men People usually only discuss ‘hijab’ in the context of women. However, in the Glorious Qurâ€⠄¢an, Allah (swt) first mentions ‘hijab’ for men before ‘hijab’ for the women. The Qur’an mentions in Surah Noor: â€Å"Say to the believing men that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty: that will make for greater purity for them: and Allah is well acquainted with all that they do. [Al-Qur’an 24:30] The moment a man looks at a woman and if any brazen or unashamed thought comes to his mind, he should lower his gaze. Hijab for women. The next verse of Surah Noor, says: â€Å" And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty; that they should not display their beauty and ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof; that they should draw veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons†¦ †[Al-Qur’an 24:31] 3. Six criteria for Hijab. According to Qur’an and Sunnah there are basically six criteria for observing hijab: 1. Extent: The first criterion is the extent of the body that should be covered. This is different for men and women. The extent of covering obligatory on the male is to cover the body at least from the navel to the knees. For women, the extent of covering obligatory is to cover the complete body except the face and the hands upto the wrist. If they wish to, they can cover even these parts of the body. Some scholars of Islam insist that the face and the hands are part of the obligatory extent of ‘hijab’. All the remaining five criteria are the same for men and women. 10 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 2. The clothes worn should be loose and should not reveal the figure. 3. The clothes worn should not be transparent such that one can see through them. 4. The clothes worn should not be so glamorous as to attract the opposite sex. 5. The clothes worn should not resemble that of the opposite sex. 6. The clothes worn should not resemble that of the unbelievers i. . they should not wear clothes that are specifically identities or symbols of the unbelievers’ religions. 4. Hijab includes conduct and behaviour among other things Complete ‘hijab’, besides the six criteria of clothing, also includes the moral conduct, behaviour, attitude and intention of the individual. A person only fulfilling the c riteria of ‘hijab’ of the clothes is observing ‘hijab’ in a limited sense. ‘Hijab’ of the clothes should be accompanied by ‘hijab’ of the eyes, ‘hijab’ of the heart, ‘hijab’ of thought and ‘hijab’ of intention. It also includes the way a person walks, the way a person talks, the way he behaves, etc. . Hijab prevents molestation The reason why Hijab is prescribed for women is mentioned in the Qur’an in the following verses of Surah Al-Ahzab: â€Å"O Prophet! Tell thy wives and daughters, and the believing women that they should cast their outer garments over their persons (when abroad); that is most convenient, that they should be known (as such) and not molested. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. †[Al-Qur’an 33:59] The Qur’an says that Hijab has been prescribed for the women so that they are recognized as modest women and this will also prevent them from b eing molested. . Example of twin sisters Suppose two sisters who are twins, and who are equally beautiful, walk down the street. One of them is attired in the Islamic hijab i. e. the complete body is covered, except for the face and the hands up to the wrists. The other sister is wearing western clothes, a mini skirt or shorts. Just around the corner there is a hooligan or ruffian who is waiting for a catch, to tease a girl. Whom will he tease? The girl wearing the Islamic Hijab or the girl wearing the skirt or the mini? Naturally he will tease the girl wearing the skirt or the mini. Such dresses are an indirect invitation to the opposite sex for teasing and molestation. The Qur’an rightly says that hijab prevents women from being molested. 11 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 7. Capital punishment for the rapists Under the Islamic shariah, a man convicted of having raped a woman, is given capital punishment. Many are astonished at this ‘harsh’ sentence. Some even say that Islam is a ruthless, barbaric religion! I have asked a simple question to hundreds of non-Muslim men. Suppose, God forbid, someone rapes your wife, your mother or your sister. You are made the judge and the rapist is brought in front of you. What punishment would you give him? All of them said they would put him to death. Some went to the extent of saying they would torture him to death. To them I ask, if someone rapes your wife or your mother you want to put him to death. But if the same crime is committed on somebody else’s wife or daughter you say capital punishment is barbaric. Why should there be double standards? 8. Western society falsely claims to have uplifted women Western talk of women’s liberalization is nothing but a disguised form of exploitation of her body, degradation of her soul, and deprivation of her honour. Western society claims to have ‘uplifted’ women. On the contrary it has actually degraded them to the status of concubines, mistresses and society butterflies who are mere tools in the hands of pleasure seekers and sex marketeers, hidden behind the colourful screen of ‘art’ and ‘culture’. 9. USA has one of the highest rates of rape United States of America is supposed to be one of the most advanced countries of the world. It also has one of the highest rates of rape in any country in the world. According to a FBI report, in the year 1990, every day on an average 1756 cases of rape were committed in U. S. A alone. Later another report said that on an average everyday 1900 cases of rapes are committed in USA. The year was not mentioned. May be it was 1992 or 1993. May be the Americans got ‘bolder’ in the following years. Consider a scenario where the Islamic hijab is followed in America. Whenever a man looks at a woman and any brazen or unashamed thought comes to his mind, he lowers his gaze. Every woman wears the Islamic hijab, that is the complete body is covered except the face and the hands upto the wrist. After this if any man commits rape he is given capital punishment. I ask you, in such a scenario, will the rate of rape in America increase, will it remain the same, or will it decrease? 10. Implementation of Islamic Shariah will reduce the rate of rapes Naturally as soon as Islamic Shariah is implemented positive results will be inevitable. If Islamic Shariah is implemented in any part of the world, whether it is America or Europe, society will breathe easier. Hijab does not degrade a woman but uplifts a woman and protects her modesty and chastity. 12 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 4. WAS ISLAM SPREAD BY THE SWORD? Question: How can Islam be called the religion of peace when it was spread by the sword? Answer: It is a common complaint among some non-Muslims that Islam would not have millions of adherents all over the world, if it had not been spread by the use of force. The following points will make it clear, that far from being spread by the sword, it was the inherent force of truth, reason and logic that was responsible for the rapid spread of Islam. 1. Islam means peace. Islam comes from the root word ‘salaam’, which means peace. It also means submitting one’s will to Allah (swt). Thus Islam is a religion of peace, which is acquired by submitting one’s will to the will of the Supreme Creator, Allah (swt). 2. Sometimes force has to be used to maintain peace. Each and every human being in this world is not in favour of maintaining peace and harmony. There are many, who would disrupt it for their own vested interests. Sometimes force has to be used to maintain peace. It is precisely for this reason that we have the police who use force against criminals and antisocial elements to maintain peace in the country. Islam promotes peace. At the same time, Islam exhorts it followers to fight where there is oppression. The fight against oppression may, at times, require the use of force. In Islam force can only be used to promote peace and justice. 3. Opinion of historian De Lacy O’Leary. The best reply to the misconception that Islam was spread by the sword is given by the noted historian De Lacy O’Leary in the book â€Å"Islam at the cross road†(Page 8): â€Å"History makes it clear however, that the legend of fanatical Muslims sweeping through the world and forcing Islam at the point of the sword upon conquered races is one of the most fantastically absurd myth that historians have ever repeated. †4. Muslims ruled Spain for 800 years. Muslims ruled Spain for about 800 years. The Muslims in Spain never used the sword to force the people to convert. Later the Christian Crusaders came to Spain and wiped out the Muslims. There was not a single Muslim in Spain who could openly give the adhan, that is the call for prayers. 13 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 5. 14 million Arabs are Coptic Christians. Muslims were the lords of Arabia for 1400 years. For a few years the British ruled, and for a few years the French ruled. Overall, the Muslims ruled Arabia for 1400 years. Yet today, there are 14 million Arabs who are Coptic Christians i. e. Christians since generations. If the Muslims had used the sword there would not have been a single Arab who would have remained a Christian. 6. More than 80% non-Muslims in India. The Muslims ruled India for about a thousand years. If they wanted, they had the power of converting each and every non-Muslim of India to Islam. Today more than 80% of the population of India are non-Muslims. All these nonMuslim Indians are bearing witness today that Islam was not spread by the sword. 7. Indonesia and Malaysia. Indonesia is a country that has the maximum number of Muslims in the world. The majority of people in Malaysia are Muslims. May one ask, â€Å"Which Muslim army went to Indonesia and Malaysia? †8. East Coast of Africa. Similarly, Islam has spread rapidly on the East Coast of Africa. One may again ask, if Islam was spread by the sword, â€Å"Which Muslim army went to the East Coast of Africa? †9. Thomas Carlyle. The famous historian, Thomas Carlyle, in his book â€Å"Heroes and Hero worship†, refers to this misconception about the spread of Islam: â€Å"The sword indeed, but where will you get your sword? Every new opinion, at its starting is precisely in a minority of one. In one man’s head alone. There it dwells as yet. One man alone of the whole world believes it, there is one man against all men. That he takes a sword and try to propagate with that, will do little for him. You must get your sword! On the whole, a thing will propagate itself as it can. †10. No compulsion in religion. With which sword was Islam spread? Even if Muslims had it they could not use it to spread Islam because the Qur’an says in the following verse: â€Å"Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from error†[Al-Qur’an 2:256] 4 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 11. Sword of the Intellect. It is the sword of intellect. The sword that conquers the hearts and minds of people. The Q ur’an says in Surah Nahl, chapter 16 verse 125: â€Å"Invite (all) to the way of thy Lord with wisdom and beautiful preaching; and argue with them in ways that are best and most gracious. †[Al-Qur’an 16:125] 12. Increase in the world religions from 1934 to 1984. An article in Reader’s Digest ‘Almanac’, year book 1986, gave the statistics of the increase of percentage of the major religions of the world in half a century from 1934 to 1984. This article also appeared in ‘The Plain Truth’ magazine. At the top was Islam, which increased by 235%, and Christianity had increased only by 47%. May one ask, which war took place in this century which converted millions of people to Islam? 13. Islam is the fastest growing religion in America and Europe. Today the fastest growing religion in America is Islam. The fastest growing religion in Europe in Islam. Which sword is forcing people in the West to accept Islam in such large numbers? 14. Dr. Joseph Adam Pearson. Dr. Joseph Adam Pearson rightly says, â€Å"People who worry that nuclear weaponry will one day fall in the hands of the Arabs, fail to realize that the Islamic bomb has been dropped already, it fell the day MUHAMMED (pbuh) was born†. 5. MUSLIMS ARE FUNDAMENTALISTS AND TERRORISTS Question: Why are most of the Muslims fundamentalists and terrorists? Answer: This question is often hurled at Muslims, either directly or indirectly, during any discussion on religion or world affairs. Muslim stereotypes are perpetuated in every form of the media accompanied by gross misinformation about Islam and Muslims. In fact, such misinformation and false propaganda often leads to discrimination and acts of violence against Muslims. A case in point is the anti-Muslim campaign in the American media following the Oklahoma bomb blast, where the press was quick to declare a ‘Middle Eastern conspiracy’ behind the attack. The culprit was later identified as a soldier from the American Armed Forces. 15 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. rf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik Let us analyze this allegation of ‘fundamentalism’ and ‘terrorism’: 1. Definition of the word ‘fundamentalist’ A fundamentalist is a person who follows and adheres to the fundamentals of the doctrine or theory he is following. F or a person to be a good doctor, he should know, follow, and practise the fundamentals of medicine. In other words, he should be a fundamentalist in the field of medicine. For a person to be a good mathematician, he should know, follow and practise the fundamentals of mathematics. He should be a fundamentalist in the field of mathematics. For a person to be a good scientist, he should know, follow and practise the fundamentals of science. He should be a fundamentalist in the field of science. 2. Not all ‘fundamentalists’ are the same One cannot paint all fundamentalists with the same brush. One cannot categorize all fundamentalists as either good or bad. Such a categorization of any fundamentalist will depend upon the field or activity in which he is a fundamentalist. A fundamentalist robber or thief causes harm to society and is therefore undesirable. A fundamentalist doctor, on the other hand, benefits society and earns much respect. 3. I am proud to be a Muslim funda-mentalist I am a fundamentalist Muslim who, by the grace of Allah, knows, follows and strives to practise the fundamentals of Islam. A true Muslim does not shy away from being a fundamentalist. I am proud to be a fundamentalist Muslim because, I know that the fundamentals of Islam are beneficial to humanity and the whole world. There is not a single fundamental of Islam that causes harm or is against the interests of the human race as a whole. Many people harbour misconceptions about Islam and consider several teachings of Islam to be unfair or improper. This is due to insufficient and incorrect knowledge of Islam. If one critically analyzes the teachings of Islam with an open mind, one cannot escape the fact that Islam is full of benefits both at the individual and collective levels. 4. Dictionary meaning of the word ‘fundamentalist’ According to Webster’s dictionary ‘fundamentalism’ was a movement in American Protestanism that arose in the earlier part of the 20th century. It was a reaction to modernism, and stressed the infallibility of the Bible, not only in matters of faith and morals but also as a literal historical record. It stressed on belief in the Bible as the literal word of God. Thus fundamentalism was a word initially used for a group of Christians who believed that the Bible was the verbatim word of God without any errors and mistakes. According to the Oxford dictionary ‘fundamentalism’ means ‘strict maintenance of ancient or fundamental doctrines of any religion, especially Islam’. Today the moment a person uses the word fundamentalist he thinks of a Muslim who is a terrorist. 6 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 5. Every Muslim should be a terrorist Every Muslim should be a terrorist. A terrorist is a person who causes terror. The moment a robber sees a policeman he is terrified. A policeman is a terrorist for the robber. Similarly every Muslim should be a terrorist for the antisocial elements of society, such as thieves, dacoits and rapists. Whenever such an anti-social element sees a Muslim, he should be terrified. It is true that the word ‘terrorist’ is generally used for a person who causes terror among the common people. But a true Muslim should only be a terrorist to selective people i. e. antisocial elements, and not to the common innocent people. In fact a Muslim should be a source of peace for innocent people. 6. Different labels given to the same individual for the same action, i. e. ‘terrorist’ and ‘patriot’ Before India achieved independence from British rule, some freedom fighters of India who did not subscribe to non-violence were labeled as terrorists by the British government. The same individuals have been lauded by Indians for the same activities and hailed as ‘patriots’. Thus two different labels have been given to the same people for the same set of actions. One is calling him a terrorist while the other is calling him a patriot. Those who believed that Britain had a right to rule over India called these people terrorists, while those who were of the view that Britain had no right to rule India called them patriots and freedom fighters. It is therefore important that before a person is judged, he is given a fair hearing. Both sides of the argument should be heard, the situation should be analyzed, and the reason and the intention of the person should be taken into account, and then the person can be judged accordingly. 7. Islam means peace Islam is derived from the word ‘salaam’ which means peace. It is a religion of peace whose fundamentals teach its followers to maintain and promote peace throughout the world. Thus every Muslim should be a fundamentalist i. e. he should follow the fundamentals of the Religion of Peace: Islam. He should be a terrorist only towards the antisocial elements in order to promote peace and justice in the society. 17 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 6. EATING NON-VEGETARIAN FOOD Question: Killing an animal is a ruthless act. Why then do Muslims consume nonvegetarian food? Answer: ‘Vegetarianism’ is now a movement the world over. Many even associate it with animal rights. Indeed, a large number of people consider the consumption of meat and other non-vegetarian products to be a violation of animal rights. Islam enjoins mercy and compassion for all living creatures. At the same time Islam maintains that Allah has created the earth and its wondrous flora and fauna for the benefit of mankind. It is upto mankind to use every resource in this world judiciously, as a niyamat (Divine blessing) and amanat (trust) from Allah. Let us look at various other aspects of this argument. 1. A Muslim can be a pure vegetarian A Muslim can be a very good Muslim despite being a pure vegetarian. It is not compulsory for a Muslim to have non-vegetarian food. 2. Qur’an permits Muslims to have non-vegetarian food The Qur’an, however permits a Muslim to have non-vegetarian food. The following Qur’anic verses are proof of this fact: â€Å"O ye who believe! Fulfil (all) obligations. Lawful unto you (for food) are all four-footed animals with the exceptions named. †[Al-Qur’an 5:1] â€Å"And cattle He has created for you (men): from them Ye derive warmth, and numerous benefits, And of their (meat) ye eat. †[Al-Qur’an 16:5] And in cattle (too) ye have an instructive example: From within their bodies We produce (milk) for you to drink; there are, in them, (besides), numerous (other) benefits for you; and of their (meat) ye eat. †[Al-Qur’an 23:21] 3. Meat is nutritious and rich in complete protein Non-vegetarian food is a good source of excellent protein. It contains biologically complete protein i. e. all the 8 essential amino acid that are not synthesized by the body and should be supplied in the diet. Meat also contains iron, vitamin B1 and niacin. 18 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 4. Humans have Omnivorous set of teeth If you observe the teeth of herbivorous animals like the cow, goat and sheep, you will find something strikingly similar in all of them. All these animals have a set of flat teeth i. e. suited for herbivorous diet. If you observe the set of teeth of the carnivorous animals like the lion, tiger, or leopard, they all have a set of pointed teeth i. e. suited for a carnivorous diet. If you analyze the set of teeth of humans, you find that they have flat teeth as well as pointed teeth. Thus they have teeth suited for both herbivorous as well as carnivorous food i. e. they are omnivorous. One may ask, if Almighty God wanted humans to have only vegetables, why did He provide us also with pointed teeth? It is logical that He expected us to need and to have both vegetarian as well as non-vegetarian food. 5. Human beings can digest both vege-tarian and non-vegetarian food The digestive system of herbivorous animals can digest only vegetables. The digestive system of carnivorous animals can digest only meat. But the digestive system of humans can digest both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food. If Almighty God wanted us to have only vegetables then why did He give us a digestive system that can digest both vegetarian as well as non-vegetarian food? 6. Hindu scriptures give permission to have non-vegetarian food a. There are many Hindus who are strictly vegetarian. They think it is against their religion to consume non-vegetarian food. But the true fact is that the Hindu scriptures permit a person to have meat. The scriptures mention Hindu sages and saints consuming non-vegetarian food. b. It is mentioned in Manu Smruti, the law book of Hindus, in chapter 5 verse 30 â€Å"The eater who eats the flesh of those to be eaten does nothing bad, even if he does it day after day, for God himself created some to be eaten and some to be eater. †c. Again next verse of Manu Smruti, that is, chapter 5 verse 31 says â€Å"Eating meat is right for the sacrifice, this is traditionally known as a rule of the gods. †d. Further in Manu Smruti chapter 5 verse 39 and 40 says â€Å"God himself created sacrificial animals for sacrifice, †¦ , therefore killing in a sacrifice is not killing. †19 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. et ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik e. Mahabharata Anushashan Parva chapter 88 narrates the discussion between Dharmaraj Yudhishthira and Pitamah Bhishma about what food one should offer to Pitris (ances tors) during the Shraddha (ceremony of dead) to keep them satisfied. Paragraph reads as follows: â€Å"Yudhishthira said, â€Å"O thou of great puissance, tell me what that object is which, if dedicated to the Pitiris (dead ancestors), become inexhaustible! What Havi, again, (if offered) lasts for all time? What, indeed, is that which (if presented) becomes eternal? †â€Å"Bhishma said, â€Å"Listen to me, O Yudhishthira, what those Havis are which persons conversant with the rituals of the Shraddha (the ceremony of dead) regard as suitable in view of Shraddha and what the fruits are that attach to each. With sesame seeds and rice and barely and Masha and water and roots and fruits, if given at Shraddhas, the pitris, O king, remain gratified for the period of a month. With fishes offered at Shraddhas, the pitris remain gratified for a period of two months. With the mutton they remain gratified for three months and with the hare for four months, with the flesh of the goat for five months, with the bacon (meat of pig) for six months, and with the flesh of birds for seven. With venison obtained from those deer that are called Prishata, they remaingratified for eight months, and with that obtained from the Ruru for nine months, and with the meat of Gavaya for ten months, With the meat of the bufffalo their gratification lasts for eleven months. With beef presented at the Shraddha, their gratification, it is said , lasts for a full year. Payasa mixed with ghee is as much acceptable to the pitris as beef. With the meat of Vadhrinasa (a large bull) the gratification of pitris lasts for twelve years. the flesh of rhinoceros, offered to the pitris on anniversaries of the lunar days on which they died, becomes inexhaustible. The potherb called Kalaska, the petals of kanchana flower, and meat of (red) goat also, thus offered, prove inexhaustible. So but natural if you want to keep your ancestors satisfied forever, you should serve them the meat of red goat. 7. Hinduism was influenced by other religions Though Hindu Scriptures permit its followers to have non-vegetarian food, many Hindus adopted the vegetarian system because they were influenced by other religions like Jainism. 8. Even plants have life Certain religions have adopted pure vegetarianism as a dietary law because they are totally against the killing of living creatures. If a person can survive without killing any living creature, I would be the first person to adopt such a way of life. In the past people thought plants were lifeless. Today it is a universal fact that even plants have life. Thus their logic of not killing living creatures is not fulfilled even by being a pure vegetarian. 20 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 9. Even plants can feel pain They further argue that plants cannot feel pain, therefore killing a plant is a lesser crime as compared to killing an animal. Today science tells us that even plants can feel pain. But the cry of the plant cannot be heard by the human being. This is due to the inability of the human ear to hear sounds that are not in the audible range i. e. 20 Hertz to 20,000 Hertz. Anything below and above this range cannot be heard by a human being. A dog can hear up to 40,000 Hertz. Thus there are silent dog whistles that have a frequency of more than 20,000 Hertz and less than 40,000 Hertz. These whistles are only heard by dogs and not by human beings. The dog recognizes the masters whistle and comes to the master. There was research done by a farmer in U. S. A. who invented an instrument which converted the cry of the plant so that it could be heard by human beings. He was able to realize immediately when the plant itself cried for water. Latest researches show that the plants can even feel happy and sad. It can also cry. 10. Killing a living creature with two senses less is not a lesser crime Once a vegetarian argued his case by saying that plants only have two or three senses while the animals have five senses. Therefore killing a plant is a lesser crime than killing an animal. Suppose your brother is born deaf and dumb and has two senses less as compared to other human beings. He becomes mature and someone murders him. Would you ask the judge to give the murderer a lesser punishment because your brother has two senses less? In fact you would say that he has killed a masoom, an innocent person, and the judge should give the murderer a greater punishment. In fact the Qur’an says: â€Å"O ye people! Eat of what is on earth, lawful and good†[Al-Qur’an 2:168] 11. Over population of cattle If every human being was a vegetarian, it would lead to overpopulation of cattle in the world, since their reproduction and multiplication is very swift. Allah (swt) in His Divine Wisdom knows how to maintain the balance of His creation appropriately. No wonder He has permitted us to have the meat of the cattle. 12. Cost of meat is reasonable since all aren’t non-vegetarians I do not mind if some people are pure vegetarians. However they should not condemn non-vegetarians as ruthless. In fact if all Indians become nonvegetarians then the present non-vegetarians would be losers since the prices of meat would rise. 21 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 7. ISLAMIC METHOD OF SLAUGHTERING ANIMALS APPEARS RUTHLESS Question: Why do Muslims slaughter the animal in a ruthless manner by torturing it and slowly and painfully killing it? Answer: The Islamic method of slaughtering animals, known as Zabiha has been the object of much criticism from a large number of people. One may consider the following points, which prove that the Zabiha method is not only humane but also scientifically the best: 1. Islamic method of slaughtering animal Zakkaytum is a verb derived from the root word Zakah (to purify). Its infinitive is Tazkiyah which means purification. The Islamic mode of slaughtering an animal requires the following conditions to be met: a. Animal should be slaughtered with sharp object (knife) The animal has to be slaughtered with a sharp object (knife) and in a fast way so that the pain of slaughter is minimised. b. Cut wind pipe, throat and vessels of neck Zabiha is an Arabic word which means ‘slaughtered’. The ‘slaughtering’ is to be done by cutting the throat, windpipe and the blood vessels in the neck causing the animal’s death without cutting the spinal cord. c. Blood should be drained The blood has to be drained completely before the head is removed. The purpose is to drain out most of the blood which would serve as a good culture medium for micro organisms. The spinal cord must not be cut because the nerve fibres to the heart could be damaged during the process causing cardiac arrest, stagnating the blood in the blood vessels. 2. Blood is a good medium for germs and bacteria Blood is a good media of germs, bacteria, toxins, etc. Therefore the Muslim way of slaughtering is more hygienic as most of the blood containing germs, bacteria, toxins, etc. that are the cause of several diseases are eliminated. 3. Meat remains fresh for a longer time Meat slaughtered by Islamic way remains fresh for a longer time due to deficiency of blood in the meat as compared to other methods of slaughtering. 4. Animal does not feel pain The swift cutting of vessels of the neck disconnects the flow of blood to the nerve of the brain responsible for pain. Thus the animal does not feel pain. While dying, the animal struggles, writhers, shakes and kicks, not due to pain, but due to the contraction and relaxation of the muscles defecient in blood and due to the flow of blood out of the body. 22 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. rf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 8. NON-VEGETARIAN FOOD MAKES MUSLIMS VIOLENT Question: Science tell us that whatever one eats, it has an effect on one’s behaviour. Why then, does Islam allow Muslims to eat non-vegetarian food, since eating of animals could make a person viole nt and ferocious? Answer: 1. Only eating of herbivorous animals allowed I agree that, what a person eats has an effect on his behaviour. This is one of the reasons why Islam prohibits the eating of carnivorous animals like lion, tiger, leopard, etc. who are violent and ferocious. The consumption of the meat of such animals would probably make a person violent and ferocious. Islam only allows the eating of herbivorous animals like cow, goat, sheep, etc. that are peaceful and docile. Muslims eat peaceful and docile animals because Muslims are peace loving and non-violent people. 2. The Qur’an says Prophet prohibits what is bad The Qur’an says: â€Å"The Prophet commands them what is just and prohibits what is evil†. â€Å"He allows them as lawful what is good (and pure) and prohibits them what is bad (and impure),†[Al-Qur’an 7: 157] â€Å"So take what the Messenger assigns to you and deny yourselves that which he withholds from you. [Al-Qur’an 59: 7] For a Muslim, the Prophet’s statement is sufficient to convince him that Allah does not wish humans to eat some kinds of meat while allowing some other kinds. 3. Hadith of Mohammad (pbuh) prohibi-ting eating of carnivorous animals According to various authentic Aha dith narrated in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim including hadith narrated by Ibn Abbas in Sahih Muslim, Book of hunting and slaughter, Hadith No. 4752 and Sunan Ibn-I-Majah chapter 13 Hadith no. 3232 to 3234, the Holy Prophet (pbuh) prohibited the eating of: (i) Wild animals with canine teeth, i. e. meat eating carnivorous animals. These are animals belonging to the cat families such as lion, tiger, cats, dogs, wolfs, hyenas, etc. (ii) Certain rodents like mice, rats, rabbits with claws, etc. (iii) Certain reptiles like snakes, alligators, etc. (iv) Birds of prey with talons or claws, like vultures, eagle, crows, owl, etc. There is no scientific evidence that proves beyond doubt that eating nonvegetarian food makes one violent. 23 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 9. MUSLIMS WORSHIP THE KAABA Question: When Islam is against idol worship why do the Muslims worship, and bow down to the Kaaba in their prayer? Answer: Kaaba is the Qibla i. e. the direction Muslims face during their prayers. It is important to note that though Muslims face the Kaaba during prayers, they do not worship the Kaaba. Muslims worship and bow to none but Allah. It is mentioned in Surah Baqarah: â€Å"We see the turning of thy face (for guidance) to the heavens: now shall We turn thee to a Qiblah that shall please thee. Turn then thy face in the direction of the Sacred Mosque: wherever ye are, turn your faces in that direction. [Al-Qur’an 2:144] 1. Islam believes in fostering unity For instance, if Muslims want to offer Salaah (Prayer), it is possible that some may wish to face north, while some may wish to face south. In order to unite Muslims in their worship of the One True God, Muslims, wherever they may be, are asked to face in only one direction i. e. towards th e Kaaba. If some Muslims live towards the west of the Kaaba they face the east. Similarly if they live towards the east of the Kaaba they face the west. 2. Kaaba is at the Centre of the World Map The Muslims were the first people to draw the map of the world. They drew the map with the south facing upwards and north downwards. The Kaaba was at the centre. Later, western cartographers drew the map upside down with the north facing upwards and south downwards. Yet, Alhamdullilah the Kaaba is at the centre of the world map. 3. Tawaf around Kaaba for indicating one God When the Muslims go to Masjid-e-Haram in Makkah, they perform tawaf or circumambulation round the Kaaba. This act symbolizes the belief and worship of One God, since, just as every circle has one centre, so also there is only one Allah (swt) worthy of worship. 4. Hadith of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) Regarding the black stone, hajr-e-aswad, there is a hadith (tradition), attributed to the illustrious companion of the Prophet Muhammed (pbuh), Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). According to Sahih Bukhari, Volume 2, book of Hajj, chapter 56, H. No. 675. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, â€Å"I know that you are a stone and can neither benefit nor harm. Had I not seen the Prophet (pbuh) touching (and kissing) you, I would never have touched (and kissed) you†. 5. People stood on Kaaba and gave the adhaan At the time of the Prophet, people even stood on the Kaaba and gave the ‘adhaan’ or the call to prayer. One may ask those who allege that Muslims worship the Kaaba; which idol worshipper stands on the idol he worships? 24 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 10. NON-MUSLIMS NOT ALLOWED IN MAKKAH Question: Why are non-Muslims not allowed in the Holy cities of Makkah and Madinah? Answer: It is true that non-Muslims are not allowed in the holy cities of Makkah and Madinah, by law. The following points will serve to elucidate the possible reasoning behind such a restriction. 1. All citizens are not permitted in the cantonment area I am a citizen of India. Yet, I am not permitted to enter certain restricted areas like the cantonment. In every country there are certain areas where a common citizen of that country cannot enter. Only a citizen who is enrolled in the military or those who are connected with the defence of the country are allowed in the cantonment area. Similarly Islam is a Universal Religion for the entire world and for all human beings. The cantonment areas of Islam are the two holy cites of Makkah and Madinah. Here only those who believe in Islam and are involved in the defence of Islam i. e. the Muslims are allowed. It would be illogical for a common citizen to object against the restriction on entering a cantonment area. Similarly it is not appropriate for non-Muslims to object against the restriction on non-Muslims against entering Makkah and Madinah. 2. Visa to enter Makkah and Madinah a. Whenever a person travels to a foreign country he has to first apply for a visa i. e. the permission to enter that country. Every country has its own rules, regulations and requirements for issuing a visa. Unless their critera are satisfied they will not issue a visa. b. One of the countries which is very strict in issuing a visa is the United States of America, especially when issuing visas to citizens of the third world. They have several conditions and requirements to be fulfilled before they issue a visa. c. When I visited Singapore, it was mentioned on their immigration form death to drug traffickers. If I want to visit Singapore I have to abide by the rules. I cannot say that death penalty is a barbaric punishment. Only if I agree with their requirements and conditions will I be permitted to enter the country. d. The Visa – The primary condition required for any human being to enter Makkah or Madina is to say with his lips, La ila ha illallah Muhammed ur Rasulullah meaning that ‘there is no God but Allah and Muhammed (pbuh) is His Messenger. ’ 25 * For more Queries contact: webmaster@irf. net ISLAMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION Spreading the Truth of Islam www. irf. net ANSWER TO NON-MUSLIMS? COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM Authored by: Dr. Zakir Abdul Karim Naik 11. PORK FORBIDDEN Question: Why is the eating of pork forbidden in Islam? Answer: The fact that consumption of pork is prohibited in Islam is well known. The following points explain various aspects of this prohibition: 1. Pork prohibited in Qur’an The Qur’an prohibits the consumption of pork in no less than 4 different places. It is prohibited in 2:173, 5:3, 6:145 and 16:115. â€Å"Forbidden to you (for food) are: dead meat, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which hath been invoked the name of other than Allah. †[Al-Qur’an 5:3] The above verses of the Holy Qur’an are sufficient to satisfy a Muslim as to why pork is forbidden. 2. Pork prohibited in the Bible The Christian is likely to be convinced by his religious scriptures. The Bibl How to cite Answers to Questions About Islam, Essay examples
Monday, April 27, 2020
Penelope and Telemachus Essay Example
Penelope and Telemachus Paper I believe that Telemachus and Penelope were the true heroes of the odyssey. I think Penelope and Telemachus were honest and Odysseus was not because he slept with a lot of women such as Circe and calypso. I believe Penelope was loyal, even though there were suitors that were trying to convince her to marry them. On the other side, Telemachus had hope that his father would return. All of these qualities are hero like. Penelope was the hero of the odyssey because she was true to her husband in spite of compelling reasons to give him up. She managed to raise her son by herself. She was loyal and devoted to her husband because the suitors tried offer her many things such as ship full of gold, ships and food her but she refused the offer. She is a good house wife because she can weave. She is believed to be one of the most beautiful women ever. Not only Penelope is beautiful and talented, she is also clever, although usually its Odysseus who is said to be clever or cunning. But when shes backed into a corner and forced to choose a suitor, Penelope agrees shell wed one of them, but first must weave this special cloth. We will write a custom essay sample on Penelope and Telemachus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Penelope and Telemachus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Penelope and Telemachus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Then, as the suitors get drunk each day, she weaves in full view. But at night, while theyre all sleeping it off, she stays up late; ripping out everything she wove during the daylight hours. So she makes very little progress on this weaving! And theyre too dull to notice. I think Telemachus has remained hopeful because he think that hes is still alive. One key trait that Telemachus shows is hope towards his fathers life, and his mothers love for his father. No, please, I need the boat, my father is still alive, I know it, and he really is. (Book XVIII, 212) This just shows his hope towards his father, and how he tried to persuade his fellow Ithacans to give him a boat to go out and search for his father. Another skill that Telemachus has, is courage, which he shows specifically when he tries to defend his father. The extraordinarily interesting fact about his courage is that he is a smaller man, so despite the fact that he cannot defend himself from the suitors, he still manages to stand up for him and his father. Telemachus is much matured; however he is a normal teenager like us. I admire Telemachus for this, and I just hope that I can have that kind of hope throughout my life, as he did throughout his. I like Penelope because the She managed to trick the suitors and I like her because she is loyal person. I believe Penelopes greatest strength was loyalty. I think Telemachuss was courageous and brave. This assignment can clear out the doubts about who are the true heroes of odyssey.
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